Describe the major components of a desktop or laptop personal computer that is not more than 3 years old
Q1: Describe the major components of a desktop or laptop personal computer that is not more than 3 years old. There should be four categories. Each category has many components. Some components, such as the CPU could have sub-components.
A1: The 4 major computer components are listed below.
(A) Hardware Components:
CPU: describe what the CPU is and describe its 3 major sub-components:
o Sub-component 1
o Sub-component 2
o Sub-component 3
Memory/storage: describe what memory/storage is and describe the following major types:
o RAM
o ROM
o Flash
o Cache
o DMA
o Hard disk drive (HD)
o Solid state drive (SSD)
Other hardware components such as the monitor, a keyboard, etc. No need to give a description of each subcomponent, just provide a list of them.
(B) Software Components:
describe each of the following types of software components:
OS
Applications
Drivers
Utilities, system services
(C) Communication Components:
describe each of the following types of communication components:
Communication Hardware components:
o Layer 1: e.g. twisted pair, copper cable, optical fiber, etc.
o Layer 2: e.g. Ehternet switch, WiFi switch, etc.
o System, devices: e.g. routers, gateway, GPS, cell phones
Communication Software components:
o Layer 2: e.g. WiFi, Ethernet, DSL, Cable,
o Layer 3: IP
o Layer 4: TCP, UDP, etc.
o Application layer: HTTP, XML, SOAP, RPC, etc.
(D) Data Components:
describe each of the following types of data components:
File system
Data at rest
Data in transition
Types of media: e.g. voice, video, data, fax, image, etc.
Encryption, compression
Data encoding: analog to digital (A/D), digital to analog (D/A)
Q2: Draw the layout of the following components:
CPU, cache, ROM, RAM, DMA, and I/O modules. Use the line to show the interaction between every two components. For example
there is a line between the CPU and cache and another line between the CPU and ROM. You can’t draw a line in the middle with all components hanging from the line. No other components should be included in this answer. No need to provide any additional
descriptions.
A2: Below is a drawing of the components. You need to draw a line between any two components that share an interface. Your response can be embedded in your MS Word document or submitted as a separate file. You can copy and paste the drawing into a PPT file and add the lines for the interfaces. Or, you could copy and paste it into image editing software such as Photoshop and edit it. Another approach is to print it out, manually add lines to it, and then take a photo and
submit it as an image file.
Interfaces hints:
- The CPU has an interface to all components up to the I/O modules, but not to individual I/O devices.
- The I/O modules are where the software interacts with the I/O devices.
- The CPU moves data to/from RAM and the I/O modules.
- The CPU moves data from ROM.
- Only the CPU has access to Cache.
- DMA moves data to/from the I/O modules and to/from RAM.
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